1. True Aspect of Life (First Truth)
The first truth Sakyamuni Buddha revealed is that life is full of sufferings. This was not clarified from the view point of pessimistic but it was clarified on the Buddha Dharma.
The Buddha identified the four basic sufferings.
The Buddha added four more sufferings which arise from universal experiences.
2. Truth of the Cause of Suffering (Second Truth)
Sakyamuni Buddha revealed that our life is full of sufferings. The four basic sufferings he revealed are unavoidable sufferings for human beings. He revealed that the cause of our sufferings is our helpless passions. The Buddha teaches that cause of our sufferings is within us, so he encouraged us to look our inside.
3. Casting-off Suffering (Third Truth)
The basic practice of Buddhism to observe the following three formulations, which reflect the concepts of dependent origination and the true aspect of life:
“All conditioned things are impermanent.”
“Phenomenal things exist only because of conditions; hence, they have no substance.”
“Nirvana is peace.”
4. "Eightfold Path" (Fourth Truth)
The Eightfold Path is the classic subject to observe the Buddha Dharma.
Right View or Right Understanding
Right Thought
Right Speech
Right Conduct
Right Livelihood
Right Endeavor
Right Mindfulness
Right Meditation
Furthermore, the Buddhist practitioner, which is known as Boddhisattva who acts the compassion, is encouraged to practice following subjects known for the Six Paramitas
"SIX PARAMITAS"
1. Dana Paramita; May I be generous and helpful!
2. Sila paramita; May I be pure and virtuous!
3. Ksanti Paramita; May I be patient! May I be able to bear and forbear the wrongs of others!
4. Virya Paramita; May I be strenuous, energetic, and persevering!
5. Dhyana Paramita; May I practice meditation and attain concentration and oneness to serve all beings!
6. Prajna Paramita; May I gain wisdom and be able to give the benefit of my wisdom to others!
These are considered the standard practices to attain Nirvana.